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= = Rainforest heritage of Sumatra

"I believe a leaf of grass is no less than the journey-work of the stars."
- Walt Whitman



__I. Location:__ [[image:sumatra_map.gif width="381" height="396" align="right" caption="http://tinyurl.com/yzqgsm4"]]

 * Tropical Rainforest
 * Bukit Barisan Mountain Range
 * [[file:Sumatra Rainforest Heritage.kmz]](2.47)
 * 3 separate protected land areas:
 * Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP)
 * Kerinci Seblat National Park
 * Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park
 * Total Area: 25,000 km²
 * 2.5 million hectare
 * High humidity, great difference in temperatures

__II. Wildlife:__
World Wide Fund for Nature --> 1 of 200 global ecoregions Flora Fauna GLNP: KSNP: BBSNP:
 * 10,000 species
 * West Malaysia
 * Wet land v. high land
 * Palms, mosses, low shrubs v. acid-loving
 * //Rafflesia arnoldi (u)//
 * //Titan armum (u)//
 * Fagaceae (l)
 * Lauraceae (l)
 * **Mt. Toba eruptions**
 * 174 threatened/endangered mammals
 * The orangutan, Sumatran rhinoceros, pigtailed monkey. [[image:070228-cuckoo-call.jpg width="186" height="143" align="right" caption="http://tinyurl.com/yf4pr56"]]
 * 380 birds, 52 severely endangered
 * Rueck's Blue Flycatcher
 * 85 mammal species, 23 threatened
 * Bornean Clouded Leopard
 * 370 bird species, 58 threatened
 * Sumatran Ground-cuckoo [[image:rhino.jpg width="243" height="298" align="right" caption="http://tinyurl.com/yfespez"]] [[image:clouded-leopard-photo.jpg width="232" height="177" align="right" caption="http://tinyurl.com/yh94a9y"]]
 * 98 mammal species, 23 threatened
 * leatherback turtle, Sumatran elephant
 * 370 species of birds, 58 threatened, 13 endemic
 * White-winged Wood Duck

media type="youtube" key="7BTN5YfKLn0" height="405" width="500"

III. Current and Past Culture and Heritage: [[image:tribe.jpg align="right" caption="http://tinyurl.com/ygutyv7"]]

 * Tiangko Panjang cave
 * The Minangkaban, longhouses.
 * Migrated from further norther and Madura
 * Hidden from public.

__ lII. Threats: __

 * 5 major threats:
 * 1) illegal logging
 * 2) animal poaching

[[image:deforestation_borneo.jpg width="315" height="232" align="right" caption="http://tinyurl.com/ysknad"]]
GLNP: KSNP: BBSNP:
 * 1) mining
 * 2) natural disasters
 * 3) roads
 * law enforcement
 * fires
 * Ministry of Forests
 * Gold mines
 * roads
 * 10%
 * cinnamon
 * poaching
 * logging
 * tigers

__ lV. UNESCO: __

 * **VII:**" to contain superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance"


 * **IX:** " to be outstanding examples representing significant on-going ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, fresh water, coastal and marine ecosystems and communities of plants and animals"
 * once part of Malaysia


 * **X:** " to contain the most important and significant natural habitats for in-situ conservation of biological [[image:earthquakes.gif align="right" caption="http://tinyurl.com/yl74coe"]]diversity, including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or conservation"
 * 10,000 plant
 * 200 mammal
 * 580 bird
 * Confined to archipelago

Works Cited:

"Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra, Indonesia -." __Encyclopedia of Earth__. 14 Mar. 2010 .

"Walt Whitman Quotes." __Famous Quotes and Quotations at BrainyQuote__. 13 Mar. 2010 

Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra - New World Encyclopedia." __Info:Main Page - New World Encyclopedia__. 7 Mar. 2010 .

"YouTube - Orangutan Island - Inventive Orangutans." __YouTube - Broadcast Yourself.__ 6 Mar. 2010 .

Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra - UNESCO World Heritage Centre." __UNESCO World Heritage Centre - Official Site__. 14 Mar. 2010 

"Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra - World Heritage Site - Pictures, info and travel reports." __World Heritage Site - UNESCO World Heritage List cultural / natural jjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj sites, trip reports, photos__. 6 Mar. 2010 

"Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra." __WCS Indonesia Program__. 7 Mar. 2010 .

Pictures:

__Ayahuasca Foundation__. 13 Mar. 2010 .

__Country Life__. 12 Mar. 2010 .

__Daily Mail__. 11 Mar. 2010 

__Earth Trends__. .

__Embassy of Indonesia__. 7 Mar. 2010 .

__Flickr__. 8 Mar. 2010 

__Indahnesia__. 13 Mar. 2010 .

__Jungle Seeds__. 13 Mar. 2010 .

__Lombokmarine__. 7 Mar. 2010 .

__The Naked Scientists__. 13 Mar. 2010 <http://www.thenakedscientists.com/HTML/uploads/pics/annehinton1_earthquake_map.gif>.

__National Geographic__. 11 Mar. 2010 <http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/02/images/070228-cuckoo-call.jpg>

__Wordpress__. 10 Mar. 2010 <http://alamendah.files.wordpress.com/2009/07/rafflesia-arnoldi.jpg>.